Roofing



(No MOdGLS Y v i s. R HAWTHORNE ROFING'- No. 505,525. 'Patented$5115.25, 1.893.

lf- 1'] "WW "Il y u 5+" f ,w MW- In' l' y zum' UNITED STATES PATENTOEETCE.

SAMUEL R. HAWTHORNE, OF HARTFORD, CONNECTICUT.

ROOFING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 505,526, datedSeptember 26, 1893.

Application filed November 1, 1892. Serial No. 450,701. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL R. HAWTHORNE, of Hartford, in the county ofHartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Roofing, of which the following is a full, clear, andexact description, whereby any one skilled in the art can make and usethe same.

The object of my invention is more particularly to provide means forsecuring slates to a metal roofing, although the device may also be usedin connection with a frame work of rafters and cross pieces, of othermaterial than iron.

My invention consists in the details of the several parts making up theslate holding devices, and in the combination Vof such parts, as moreparticularly hereinafter described and pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the drawings: Figure l shows a plan view of part of theroof with parts broken away to show construction of the slate holdingdevices. Fig. 2 is a detail view in vertical section through a portionof the roof showing the details of the slate holding parts. Fig. 3 is adetail view showing the several elements making up the slate holdingdevices. Fig. i is a detail view of a modified form of the invention.

In the accompanying drawings the letteraJ denotes the roofing of abuilding that is made up in the usual manner of rafters b and crosspieces c extending transversely along the roof and usually secured tothe rafters as they are crossed.

When the roof is constructed of metal, as

iron, the crosspieces are riveted or bolted to the rafters, and they areusually of Lshape in cross-section, offering a flat bearing surface c onwhich the slates d are laid. When a roof is made up wholly of a metalframe more or less difficulty is experienced in securing the slatestothe roof and special fastening means are required.

In carrying out my invention I make use of a holder e made of metal bentmidway of its length, usually at about right angles and provided at oneend with a clamping hook e' and at the other end with a hook e2, thewhole being adapted to receive the edge of a slate CZ and preventit frommoving downward along the roof. This holder e may be made of wire bentto shape, as shown, or it may be made from sheet copper or othersuitable metal cut or stamped to the outline shown and terminating inthe hooked ends that form the fastening and slate holding parts. Thisholder is used in connection with an anchor g that consists preferablyof a thin strip of metal having a hooked end g that serves to attach itto the edge of the bearing face c of the cross piece and provided nearthe opposite edge of the cross piece with a hole through which the bodypart of the holder extends.

The parts are secured to the cross piece of the roof by passing the endof the holder through the hole g2 in the anchor and then by a swingingmovement of the holder the hooked end e is engaged either under the edgeof the cross piece or in a groove or socket in its side. The holder inits proper position usually rests at about right angles to the line ofdirection of the cross piece and the slates are laid so that they extendbeyond the holder that lies in or passes through the joint between twoadjacent slates. The slates are laid in the usual manner so as to breakjoints and a slate f of a row next above that between the slates ofwhich the holders are placed is laid with its edge (it may be the end orside of the slate) resting in the hook e2 that supports the slate andprevents it from sliding out of place.

In Eig. 4 is shown a modified form of the invention in which the holdere3 is provided on one end with a slate holding hook e4 as abovedescribed, the other end of the holder being screw threaded and engaginga screw threaded opening in an angular clamping hook that is adapted toengage the cross-piece of the roof, this construction providing anaccurate adjustment of the holder to dierent sizes of cross pieces ofwhich the roof'may be constructed.

1. In combination with a crossfpiece of a roof an angular slate holdermade of metal bent about midway of its length provided at one end with aclamping hook adapted to engage the cross-piece of the roof and at theother end with a slate holding hook, and an anchor secured to thecross-piece and having IOO an opening through which one arm of the slateholder is passed, all substantially as described.

2. In combination with the frame work of a roof a slate holder composedof an angular piece of metal provided at one end with a slate holdinghook adapted to engage the lower edge of the slate and with the otherend adjustably secured to a clamping hook at.-

tached to the cross-piece of the roof, all substantially as described.

3. In combination with the frame Work of

